Food allergy refers to an immune reaction
Cornell’s explanation of canine allergic disease describes allergy as an immune response to substances that would otherwise be harmless, including food or environmental substances. The word identifies an underlying kind of reaction; it is not simply another word for a food your dog dislikes.
Food intolerance refers to a different mechanism
A 2011 veterinary dermatology presentation distinguish immune-mediated food allergy from non-immune food intolerance. “Adverse food reaction” can be used as the broader category while the nature of the response is investigated.
Those distinctions do not let a reader identify the mechanism from a symptom list. Nor does the word intolerance mean a problem is automatically mild or safe to ignore.
Ask what “sensitivity” means in context
Sensitivity is used in different ways by sellers and in ordinary conversation. A report should define what it means, what is measured and what the category is supposed to predict. Do not assume it names one standardized diagnosis.
When comparing services, keep the seller’s exact claim separate from your own question. A service that says it does not diagnose allergy has not answered whether your dog has an allergy, even if its report lists foods under a sensitivity heading.
Words do not validate a test
A study of food-specific antibody assays assessed performance against a reference involving diet elimination and food reintroduction, not against a seller’s preferred label. Its findings illustrate why evidence must address the actual clinical question.
Ask your veterinarian what diagnosis is being considered and how it would be established. The testing overview covers the different purposes of tests; the report-reading guide focuses on how to examine the wording in front of you.